Solar system data
This page contains data for the Sun and Inner planets.
For the whole solar system see also:
Planetary data
For general astronomical data see:
Astronomical data
The data for Pluto has been included for historical interest although Pluto is no longer considered a planet.
| Sun |
|
| mass |
1.99x1030 kg |
| mean radius |
6.96x108 m |
| surface temperature |
6000 K |
| core temperature |
15x106 K |
| surface gravity |
|
| mean density |
274 ms-2 |
| |
|
| Mercury |
|
| mass |
3.58x1023 kg |
| mean radius |
2.44x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
5.79x1010 m = 3.2 light minutess = 0.39 AU |
| surface gravity |
3.76 ms-2 |
| mean density |
5420 kgm-3 |
| day length |
58.7 days |
| year length |
87.9 days |
| |
|
| Venus |
|
| mass |
4.90x1024 kg |
| mean radius |
6.052x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
1.08x1011 m = 6.0 light minutes = 0.72 AU |
| surface gravity |
8.84 ms-2 |
| mean density |
5250 kgm-3 |
| day length |
243 days (retrograde) |
| year length |
225days |
| |
|
| Earth |
|
| mass |
5.98x1024 kg |
| mean radius |
6.38x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
1.49x1011 m = 8.3 light minutes = 1.00 AU |
| surface gravity |
9.81 ms-2 |
| mean density |
5510 kgm-3 |
| day length |
23.9 hours |
| year length |
365.26 days |
| |
|
| Moon (Earth's) |
|
| mass |
7.35x1022 kg |
| mean radius |
1.74x106 m |
| distance from Earth |
3.8x108 m = 1.25 light seconds |
| surface gravity |
1.62 ms-2 |
| mean density |
3340 kgm-3 |
| day length |
27.3 days |
| 'year' length |
27.3 days |
| |
|
| Mars |
|
| mass |
6.24x1023 kg |
| mean radius |
3.39x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
2.3x1011 m = 12 light minutes = 1.52 AU |
| surface gravity |
3.80 ms-2 |
| mean density |
3960 kgm-3 |
| day length |
24.6 hours |
| year length |
687 days = Earth years |
| |
|
| Jupiter |
|
| mass |
1.9x1027 kg |
| mean radius |
71.4x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
7.8x1011 m = 43 light minutes = 5.2 AU |
| surface gravity |
274 ms-2 |
| mean density |
1130 kgm-3 |
| day length |
9.84 hours |
| year length |
11.9 Earth years |
| |
|
| Saturn |
|
| mass |
5.6x1026 kg |
| mean radius |
60.4x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
14.3x1011 m = 79 light minutes = 9.5 AU |
| surface gravity |
10.4 ms-2 |
| mean density |
680 kgm-3 |
| day length |
10.23 |
| year length |
29.5 hours |
| |
|
| Uranus |
|
| mass |
8.67x1025 kg |
| mean radius |
6.96x108 m |
| distance from Sun |
28.7x1011 m = 2.7 light hours = 19.2 AU |
| surface gravity |
10.4 ms-2 |
| mean density |
1600 kgm-3 |
| day length |
17.24 hours (retrograde) |
| year length |
84.0 Earth years |
| |
|
| Neptune |
|
| mass |
1.0x1026 kg |
| mean radius |
24.3x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
45x1011 m = 4.2 light hours = 30.0 AU |
| surface gravity |
13.8 ms-2 |
| mean density |
1650 kgm-3 |
| day length |
18.4 hours |
| year length |
164.8 Earth years |
| |
|
| Pluto |
|
| mass |
1.2x1022 kg |
| mean radius |
1.13x106 m |
| distance from Sun |
5.79x1010 m = 5.46 light hours = 39 AU |
| surface gravity |
0.29 ms-2 |
| mean density |
3000 kgm-3 |
| day length |
6.39 days (retrograde) |
| year length |
248.5 Earth years |
